The Foot
Volume 19, Issue 4 , Pages 224-226 , December 2009

Identification of a flexor digitorum accessorius longus muscle with unique distal attachments

  • Matthew Holzmann

      Affiliations

    • Department of Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, USA
    • ,
  • Noor Almudallal

      Affiliations

    • Department of Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, USA
    • ,
  • Kelsey Rohlck

      Affiliations

    • Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, USA
    • ,
  • Rohit Singh

      Affiliations

    • Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, USA
    • ,
  • Sungho Lee

      Affiliations

    • Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, USA
    • ,
  • John Fredieu

      Affiliations

    • Department of Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Department of Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Tel.: +1 216 368 6012; fax: +1 216 368 8669.

Received 18 February 2009 ,Revised 13 March 2009 ,Accepted 16 March 2009.

References 

  1. Cheung Y, Rosenberg Z, Colon E, Jahss M. MR imaging of flexor digitorum accessorius longus. Skeletal Radiol. 1999;28(3):130–137
  2. Gümüşalan Y, Kalaycioğlu A. Bilateral accessory flexor digitorium longus muscle in man. Ann Anat. 2000;182(6):573–576
  3. Kinoshita M, Okuda R, Morikawa J, Abe M. Tarsal tunnel syndrome associated with an accessory muscle. Foot Ankle Int. 2003;24(2):132–136
  4. Nathan H, Gloobe H, Yosipovitch Z. Flexor digitorum accessorius longus. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1975;113:158–161
  5. Peterson D, Stinson W, Lairmore J. The long accessory flexor muscle: an anatomical study. Foot Ankle Int. 1995;16(10):637–640
  6. Sammarco G, Conti S. Tarsal tunnel syndrome caused by an anomalous muscle. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1994;76(9):1308–1314
  7. Buschmann W, Cheung Y, Jahss M. Magnetic resonance imaging of anomalous leg muscles: accessory soleus, peroneus quartus and flexor digitorum longus accessorius. Foot Ankle. 1991;12(2):109–116
  8. Canter D, Siesel K. Flexor digitorum accessorius longus muscle: an etiology of tarsal tunnel syndrome?. J Foot Ankle Surg. 1997;36(3):226–229
  9. Ho V, Peterfy C, Helms C. Tarsal tunnel syndrome caused by strain of an anomalous muscle: an MRI-specific diagnosis. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1993;17(5):822–823
  10. Pác L, Malinovský L. M. flexor digitorum longus accessorius in the lower limb of man. Anat Anz. 1985;159(1–5):253–257
  11. Burks J, DeHeer P. Tarsal tunnel syndrome secondary to an accessory muscle: a case report. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2001;40(6):401–403
  12. Wittmayer B, Freed L. Diagnosis and surgical management of flexor digitorum accessorius longus-induced tarsal tunnel syndrome. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2007;46(6):484–487
  13. Best A, Giza E, Linnklater J, Sullican M. Posterior impingement of the ankle caused by anomalous muscles. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005;87(9):2075–2079
  14. Eberle C, Moran B, Gleason T. The accessory flexor digitorum longus as a cause of Flexor Hallucis Syndrome. Foot Ankle Int. 2002;23(1):51–55
  15. Kinoshita M, Okuda R, Morikawa J, Jotoku T, Abe M. The dorsiflexion-eversion test for diagnosis of tarsal tunnel syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001;83-A(12):1835–1839
  16. Sammarco G, Stephens M. Tarsal tunnel syndrome caused by the flexor digitorum accessorius longus. A case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1990;72(3):453–454
  17. Kurtoglu Z, Uluutku M, Can M, Onderoglu S. An accessory flexor digitorum longus muscle with high division of the tibial nerve. Surg Radiol Anat. 2001;23(1):61–63
  18. Yüksel M, Onderoğlu S, Yener N, Yüksel E. An accessory flexor digitorum longus muscle. Acta Anat (Basel). 1993;148(1):62–64

PII: S0958-2592(09)00032-7

doi: 10.1016/j.foot.2009.03.002

The Foot
Volume 19, Issue 4 , Pages 224-226 , December 2009

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