The Foot
Volume 19, Issue 4 , Pages 211-217 , December 2009

A clinical guideline for the conservative management of tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction

  • Beverly Bowring

      Affiliations

    • Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Community Health Services, Penzance, Cornwall, United Kingdom
    • Faculty of Health, Staffordshire University, Leek Road, Stoke on Trent ST4 2DF, United Kingdom
    • ,
  • Nachiappan Chockalingam

      Affiliations

    • Faculty of Health, Staffordshire University, Leek Road, Stoke on Trent ST4 2DF, United Kingdom
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +44 1782 295853.

Received 22 June 2009 ,Revised 24 August 2009 ,Accepted 24 August 2009.

References 

  1. Mendicino SS. Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 2000;17(1):33–53
  2. Meehan RE, Brage M. Adult acquired flatfoot deformity: clinical and radiological examination. Foot Ankle Clin North Am. 2003;8:431–452
  3. Bare AA, Haddad SL. Tenosynovitis of the posterior tibial tendon. Foot Ankle Clin. 2001;6(1):37–66
  4. Frey C, Shereff M, Greenidge N. Vascularity of the posterior tibial tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1990;72-A:884–888
  5. Holmes GB, Mann RA. Possible epidemiological factors associated with rupture of the posterior tibial tendon. Foot Ankle. 1992;13:70–79
  6. Imhauser CW, Siegler S, Abidi NA, Frankel NA, Frankel DZ. The effect of posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction on the plantar pressure characteristics and the kinematics of the arch and the hindfoot. Clin Biomech. 2004;19:161–169
  7. Katchis SD. Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. In:  Ranawat CS,  Positano RG editor. Disorders of the heel, rearfoot and ankle. London: Churchill Livingstone; 1999;p. 415–422
  8. Mosier SM, Pomeroy G, Mannoli A. Pathoanatomy and aetiology of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1999;365:12–22
  9. Petersen W, Hohmann G, Stein V, Tillman B. The blood supply of the posterior tibial tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2002;84(1):141–144
  10. Richie DH. Pathomechanics of the adult acquired flatfoot. Foot Ankle Q. 2005;17(4):109–123
  11. Rosenberg ZS. Chronic rupture of the posterior tibial tendon. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 1999;16(3):423–438
  12. Trnka HJ. Dysfunction of the tendon of tibialis posterior. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2004;86(7):939–949
  13. Yeap JS, Singh D, Birch R. Tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction: a primary or secondary problem?. Foot Ankle Int. 2001;22(1):51–55
  14. Smith CF. Anatomy, function, and pathophysiology of the posterior tibial tendon. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 1999;16(3):399–406
  15. Pomeroy GC, Pike RH, Beals TC, Manoli A. Acquired flatfoot in adults due to dysfunction of the posterior tibial tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1999;81(8):1173–1183
  16. Kulig K, Burnfield JM, Requejo SM, Sperry M, Terk M. Selective activation of tibialis posterior: evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004;36:862–867
  17. Geidemann WM, Johnson JE. Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2000;30(2):68–77
  18. Blake RL, Anderson K, Ferguson H. Posterior tibial tendonitis. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 1994;84(3):141–149
  19. Conti SF. Posterior tibial tendon problems in athletes. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 1999;16(3):557–577
  20. Myerson MS. Adult acquired flatfoot deformity. Treatment of dysfunction of the posterior tibial tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1996;78:780–792
  21. Kohls-Gatzoulis J, Angel JC, Singh D, Haddad F, Livingstone J, Berry G. Tibialis posterior dysfunction: a common and treatable cause of adult aquired flatfoot. BMJ. 2004;329:1328–1333
  22. Kirby KA. Conservative treatment of posterior tibial dysfunction. Podiatr Manage. 2000;73–82
  23. Laughlin TJ. Evaluation and management of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Foot Ankle Q. 2000;13(1):1–9
  24. Chao W, Wapner KL, Lee TH, Adams J, Hecht PJ. Nonoperative management of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Foot Ankle Int. 1996;17(12):736–741
  25. Weinraub GM, Saraiya MJ. Adult flatfoot/posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: classification and treatment. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 2002;19:345–370
  26. Wapner KL, Chao W. Nonoperative treatment of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1999;365:39–45
  27. Steb HS, Marzano R. Conservative management of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction, subtalar joint complex and pes planus deformity. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 1999;16(3):439–450
  28. Richie DH. Clearing up the confusion over posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Podiatr Today. 2001;14(12):38–44
  29. Richie DH. A new approach to adult-acquired flatfoot. Podiatr Today. 2004;17(5):32–46
  30. Noll KH. The use of orthotic devices in adult acquired flatfoot deformity. Foot Ankle Clin. 2001;6(1):25–36
  31. Kulig K, Burnfield JM, Reischi S, Mais-Requejo SM, Blanc CE, Thordarson DB. Effect of foot orthoses on tibialis posterior activation in persons with pes planus. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005;37:24–29
  32. Kulig K, Pomrantz AB, Burnfield JM, Reischi SF, Mais-Requejo S, Thordarson DB, et al. Non-operative management of posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction: design of a randomized clinical trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2006;7:49
  33. Pinney SJ, Lin SS. Current concept review: acquired adult flatfoot deformity. Foot Ankle Int. 2006;27(1):66–75
  34. Alvarez RG, Marini A, Schmitt C, Saltzman CL. Stage I and II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction treated by a structured nonoperative treatment protocol. Foot Ankle Int. 2006;27(1):2–8
  35. Bek N, Oznur A, Kavlak Y, Uygur F. The effect of orthotic treatment of posterior tibial tendon insufficiency on pain and disability. Pain Clin. 2003;15(3):345–350
  36. Jari S, Roberts N, Barrie J. Non-surgical management of tibialis posterior insufficiency. Foot Ankle Surg. 2002;8:197–201
  37. Augustin JF, Lin SS, Berberian WS, Johnson JE. Non-operative treatment of adult aquired flat foot with the Arizona brace. Foot Ankle Clin North Am. 2003;8:491–502
  38. Winning A. Clinical guidelines: a brief introduction. 2007;Available: http://www.library.nhs.uk/healthManagement/viewResource.aspx?resID=29579 [On Line, March 2008]
  39. Woolf A, Åkesson K, Compston J, Thorngren K, van Riel P. European actions towards better musculoskeletal health. A guide to the prevention and treatment of musculoskeletal conditions for the healthcare practitioner and policy maker. 2005;Available at: http://www.boneandjointdecade.org/default.aspx?contid=1138 [On Line, March 2008]
  40. Kahn DA, Docherty JP, Carpenter D, Frances A. Consensus methods in practice guideline development. Psychopharmocol Bull. 1997;33(4):631–639
  41. Woolf SH, Grol R, Hutchinson A, Eccles M, Grimshaw J. Clinical guidelines: potential benefits, limitations and harms of clinical guidelines. BMJ. 1999;318:527–530
  42. Murphy MK, Black NA, Lamping DL, McKee CM, Sanderson CFB, Askham J, et al. Consensus development methods, and their use in clinical guideline development. Health Technol Assess. 1998;2(3):1–87
  43. Shekelle PG, Woolf SH, Eccles M, Grimshaw J. Clinical guidelines: developing guidelines. BMJ. 1999;318:593–596
  44. Johnson KA, Strom DE. Tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction. Clin Orthop. 1989;239:196–206
  45. Cohen L, Manion L, Morrison KRB. Action research. Research methods in education. 5th ed.. London: Routledge-Falmer; 2000;p. 226–41
  46. Hart E, Bond M. Action research in context. Action research for health and social care. Buckingham Open University Press; 1995;p. 12–35
  47. Dick B. A beginner's guide to action research. 2000;Available at: http://www.scu.edu.au/schools/gcm/ar/arp/guide.html [On Line, March 2008]
  48. Dick B. What is action research?. 1999;Available at: http://www.scu.edu.au/schools/gcm/ar/whatisar.html [On Line, March 2008]
  49. Coghlan D, Brannick T. Writing an action research dissertation. Doing action research in your own organization. London: Sage Publications; 2000;p. 110–8
  50. Buetow SA, Coster GD. New Zealand and United Kingdom experiences with the RAND modified Delphi approach to producing angina and heart failure criteria for quality assessment in general practice. Qual Health Care. 2000;9:222–231
  51. Campbell SM, Braspenning J, Hutchinson A, Marshall M. Research methods used in developing and applying quality indicators in primary care. Qual Saf Health Care. 2002;11:358–364
  52. Clark JE. Action research. In:  Cormack D editors. The research process in nursing. London: Blackwell Science; 2000;p. 193
  53. Redmond AC, Crosbie J, Ouvrier RA. Development and validation of a novel rating system for scoring standing foot posture: the foot posture index. Clin Biomech. 2006;21(1):89–98
  54. Budiman-Mak E, Conrad KJ, Roach KE. The foot function index: a measure of foot pain and disability. Clin Epidemiol. 1991;44(6):561–570
  55. Coakley EV, Samanta AK, Finlay DB. Ultrasonography of the tibialis posterior tendon in rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheumatol. 1994;33:273–277
  56. Fink A, Kosecoff J, Chassin M, Brook RH. Consensus methods: characteristics and guidelines for use. Am J Public Health. 1984;74(9):979–983
  57. Wainwright AM, Kelly AJ, Glew D, Mitchelmore AE, Wilson IG. Classification and management of tibialis posterior tendon injuries according to magnetic resonance imaging findings. The Foot. 1996;6:66–70
  58. Sitler DF, Bell SJ. Soft tissue procedures. Foot Ankle Clin North Am. 2003;8:503–520
  59. Alfredson H, Pietila T, Jonsson P, Lorentzon R. Heavy-load eccentric calf muscle training for the treatment of chronic Achilles tendinosis. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26:360–366
  60. Mafi N, Lorentzon R, Alfredson H. Superior short-term results with eccentric calf muscle training compared to concentric training in a randomised prospective multi-centre study on patients with chronic Achilles tendinosis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2001;9:42–47
  61. Ohberg L, Lorentzon R, Alfredson H. Eccentric training in patients with chronic Achilles tendinosis: normalised tendon structure and decreased thickness at follow up. Br J Sports Med. 2004;38:8–11
  62. Davenport TE, Kulig K, Matharu Y, Blanco CE. The EdUReP model for nonsurgical management of tendinopathy. Phys Ther. 2005;85(10):1093–1103
  63. Kulig K, Reischl SF, Pomrantz AB, Burnfield JM, Mais-Requejo S, Thordarson DB, et al. Nonsurgical management of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction with orthoses and resistive exercise: a randomised controlled trial. Phys Ther. 2009;89(1):26–37
  64. Niki H, Ching RP, Kisler P, Sangeorzan BJ. The effect of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction on hindfoot kinematics. Foot Ankle Int. 2001;22(4):292–299
  65. Williams JG. Guidelines for clinical guidelines should distinguish between national and local production. BMJ. 1999;318:942
  66. Hicks NR. Some observations on attempts to measure appropriateness of care. BMJ. 1994;309:730–733
  67. AGREE Collaboration. Development and validation of an international appraisal instrument for assessing the quality of clinical practice guidelines: the AGREE project. Qual Saf Health Care. 2003;12:18–23
  68. Parahoo K. Research designs. Nursing research: principles. Process and issues. 1st ed.. Palgrave: Basingstoke; 1997;p. 142–78

PII: S0958-2592(09)00075-3

doi: 10.1016/j.foot.2009.08.001

The Foot
Volume 19, Issue 4 , Pages 211-217 , December 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution